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1 – 4 of 4Young‐Ill Park and Theopisti C. Papadopoulou
One of the world's largest construction markets is in Asia where construction activity is boosted by investment on transport infrastructure. This paper aims to identify and…
Abstract
Purpose
One of the world's largest construction markets is in Asia where construction activity is boosted by investment on transport infrastructure. This paper aims to identify and analyse causes of cost overruns in transport infrastructure projects in Asia and assess their importance and statistical relationship with project size.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper pursues the following objectives. First, it identifies factors contributing to cost overruns. Second, using case data and regression analysis, it establishes the statistical relationship between project size and cost overruns. Third, it analyses questionnaire data to rank causes of cost overruns according to their frequency, severity and significance. Last, the paper identifies contract types mostly associated with cost escalation.
Findings
The findings confirm a moderate correlation between cost overruns and one indicator of project size. Awarding contracts to the lowest bidder is identified as the most significant cause of cost overruns. Lump‐sum contracts were found to have the greatest influence on the occurrence of cost overruns.
Research limitations/implications
Stratified sampling would allow the evaluation of how cost overruns are perceived by different professional groups. Further research can focus on measures for the prevention of cost overruns.
Originality/value
The causes of cost overruns have been at the focal point of research however, most studies consider cost overruns in specific Asian countries. Moreover, transport infrastructure projects have received little attention or been underrepresented in datasets comprising general construction projects. The paper seeks to fill this gap by carrying out in‐depth investigation of cost overruns in transport infrastructure in the broader context of Asia.
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Suzanne Skevington and Fiona Gillison
The measurement of children's quality of life has an important role to play in improving their experience of health and social services, and in promoting a child‐centred approach…
Abstract
The measurement of children's quality of life has an important role to play in improving their experience of health and social services, and in promoting a child‐centred approach to service provision. This article provides a rationale for both the development of robust quality of life measures specifically for children and also the use of these measures in assessing the effectiveness of treatments and policy changes. It highlights recent advances in the development of quality of life measures and provides examples of two instruments that have incorporated these steps to produce reliable and valid measures that are not only comprehensible to children of different age groups, but also meaningful to parents and health professionals. The challenge of matching statistically significant change in quality of life to changes of perceived importance to the individual is also discussed in the light of the advantages to be gained from the increased uptake within health and social care of quality of life measures for children.
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Angela Hausman and Diana L. Haytko
Maquiladora plants are foreign‐owned plants operating in Mexico and represent a pre‐North American Trade Agreement (NAFTA) mechanism to reduce tariffs on the assembly of component…
Abstract
Maquiladora plants are foreign‐owned plants operating in Mexico and represent a pre‐North American Trade Agreement (NAFTA) mechanism to reduce tariffs on the assembly of component parts and finished products for re‐export. Maquilas first opened along the Mexican‐US border in the mid‐1960s to provide employment for Mexican workers as well as cheap labor for low‐skilled US manufacturers. Beginning in 1999 the industry started experiencing a sharp decline, which cost jobs and closed factories on both sides of the border. This study applies grounded theory to develop an initial understanding of the factors contributing to the success (and failure) of maquiladora realized strategies, that is, performed operating behaviors and the role of culture in the results these operations achieve. Broadly, these factors include internal relationships (with both management and line employees) and external relationships (both organizational and governmental). The study culminates in a series of suggestions for increasing the likelihood of success of maquiladoras and proposes the applicability of these factors in other multinational operations in labor‐intensive industries.
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Na Su and Dennis Reynolds
This study aims to differentiate the brand personality of four basic hotel categories (e.g. limited-service, selected-service, full-service and luxury hotels) to draw an overall…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to differentiate the brand personality of four basic hotel categories (e.g. limited-service, selected-service, full-service and luxury hotels) to draw an overall landscape of the lodging industry on symbolic attributes.
Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was conducted to assess the brand personality of eight popular hotel brands competing in the US market (two brands for each price category) by using Aaker’s (1997) brand personality scale. The categorical difference in brand personality was compared at both of the dimensional and individual trait level.
Findings
This study draws a picture of brand personality for four prevailing hotel categories in the US market. It suggests exciting luxury hotels, sincere select-service hotels and rugged limited-service hotels, but no distinctive personality for full-service hotels. This study positions the pros and cons of each hotel category. For instance, it shows at the dimensional level, full-service hotels advance select-service hotels in excitement but fall behind in sincerity. At the individual trait level, full-service hotels strike customers as contemporary, up-to-date and good-looking, but disappoint customers on the features like honest and wholesome.
Practical implications
This study informs hotel brand companies and hotel investors with the pros and cons of each hotel category to assist them to improve their marketing or investment strategies.
Originality/value
Although brand personality has been often used to assess hotel brand’s difference, it has been rarely used to capture the categorical difference. This study adds new insights to hotel banding practice by comparing different categories on symbolic attributes.
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